Week 18:
Day 5

Understanding Words

Language / Literacy

Large Group

Skill and Goal

Oral language, Letter knowledge
Children will interpret information presented in a book read aloud and increase the number of novel words they understand. Children will also identify and say the sound of the letter H.

Materials
Needed

  • *Letter H card
  • Book of your choice for this week’s repeated reading
  • Words We Understand chart from Days 1 and 3
    *Printables provided

Key
Concepts

New:

  • 2–3 words (see Be Prepared)

Review:

  • All words introduced on Days 1 and 3

Be Prepared: This is the third of three repeated readings of a book with children. Today’s session focuses on children’s interpretation (explanations, reasoning) of information presented in the book. The session also will help children understand more novel words. From the list of novel words you identified prior to your first reading of the book, select 2–3 words to define for children today. See the Language/Literacy section of the Language/Literacy section of the ELM User Guide: 3–5 Years for additional information on how to select and define novel words.

BEGIN:

[Display letter H card.]

What is the name of this letter? What sound does the letter H make?

Letter H says /h/, just like in the word “home.” /h/, /h/, home. Let’s together say /h/, /h/, home.

EXPLAIN:

Large Letter H CardNow let’s spend some time with our book.

[See Week 3, Day 5 of Language/Literacy for a description and examples of how to approach today’s book reading. Key aspects are summarized below:

  • Display book cover. Explain that we have read our book two times this week. Each time we read the book we learn something new. Point to and say title of book. Engage children in describing what they remember about the book:
    • What is our book about?
    • Who were the main characters in our book?
    • What happened first? What happened next?
  • Point to and say the names of author and illustrator. Point to where to begin reading.
  • During the reading, pause on pages that include a word defined in the prior two readings of the book. Ask or remind children what the word means. Also pause during the reading to define the 2–3 words identified for today’s session, using the following approach:
    • Read the sentence with the novel word. Identify the novel word.
    • Repeat the sentence in which the word is used.
    • Define the novel word and connect the definition to the book.
  • After the book reading, write the 2–3 words targeted for today on the chart and engage children in a discussion of each word, using one or more of the following strategies:
    • Ask children to describe a picture related to the word.
    • Define a word without naming it and ask children to identify the word.
    • Encourage children to think about a novel word or phrase in another context.
  • Explain that different types of things happened in our book. Facilitate a discussion of children’s interpretations of events and/or characters in the book, especially events or characters related to one or more words defined this week. See Week 3, Day 5 for examples.]
Week 18:
Day 5

Counting Things

Mathematics

Large Group

Skill and Goal

Number knowledge
Children will strengthen their understanding of making mental comparisons of close or neighboring numbers.

Materials
Needed

  • *Number list
  • *Number chart
    *Printables provided

Key
Concepts

Review:

  • Number chart

Optional
Reading

  • The Water Hole by Graeme Base

BEGIN:

This week we learned more about numbers. We know how to find the number that comes after another number. We also know which number is more and which number is less when we compare two numbers.

ASK:

[Hold up the correct number of fingers to represent “pretzels” as you ask the following questions:]

  • If I have four pretzels and Kathy has five pretzels, who has more pretzels?
  • Who has fewer pretzels? How do we know?
EXPLAIN:

We know how to use our number list to help us determine which number comes after another number. I have a number list for us to use if we need it.

Let’s pretend we went walking down the street. We walked by a house with a number one on it. The next house had a number two on it.

[Point to the numeral one and the numeral two on the number list.]

ASK:

What number would be on the next house?

EXPLAIN:

Number three is next because it comes after number two.

[Point to the numeral three on the number list as you explain the number sequence.

Point to the numeral four on the number list.]

ACT:

Number ChartLet’s find and point to this number on our number chart. We know that our number chart has numbers from 1–10 on the bottom. There are dots for each number in the rows above.

[Display number chart. Choose a volunteer child to find and point to the numeral four on the number chart.]

Now let’s point to and count each of the dots above number four on our number chart.

[Choose a different volunteer child to find and point to the numeral four on the number chart.]

EXPLAIN:

We can also use a number chart to determine which of two numbers is more or less.

ASK:

Let’s use our number chart to answer some questions.

  • Which number is more: two or three? How do we know?
  • Which number is less: nine or eight? How do we know?
EXPLAIN:

Let’s try some numbers that are close to each other on the number chart but not next to each other.

ASK:
  • Which number is more: three or one? How do we know?
  • Which number is less: five or three? How do we know?
RECAP:

We are learning more about numbers. We know how to use our number list to tell which number comes after another number. We also know how to tell which number is more and which number is less when we use our number chart.

Scaffolding tips

Scaffolding Tips

Extra support

  • As you ask children which numeral is more or less, point to the numerals on the number chart.
  • If children have difficulty determining which number is more or less, count the number of dots on the number chart above each number to determine which number has more (or fewer) dots.

Enrichment

  • Invite children to think of a number that is more than five. Invite children to think of a number that is less than seven.
Mathematics

Center Activity

Supply *small numeral cards and a *number chart. Invite children to use these items to play a game. Invite children to place cards face down in front of them. As children take turns turning over two cards, ask them which numeral is more or which is less. If they are the same numeral, they are equal and a match! Children should place the two cards chosen to the side, and the next person takes a turn.
*Printables provided

Family Child Care

Family Child Care

Continue to practice more and less with numbers throughout the day. Practice with toys when outside, and with food during lunch. Use the number chart when comparing. School-age children will enjoy comparing larger numbers.

Week 18:
Day 5

Exploring Where We Live

Social Studies

Large Group

Skill and Goal

Knowledge of social and physical environments
Children will understand some differences between large and small communities.

Materials
Needed

  • *Children’s cityscapes and farm drawings

Key
Concepts

Review:

  • City
  • Town
  • Farm
  • Describe

BEGIN:

We are learning about small communities and large communities. We know the words city and town. Is a city a large community or a small community? Is a town a large community or a small community?

EXPLAIN:

Last week each of us made a picture of skyscrapers, and yesterday we drew a picture of a farm building(s). We learned that a farm is a piece of land used for growing plants or raising animals.

ASK:

Today we are going to describe our picture of skyscrapers or the drawing of our farm building(s). Remember, when we describe something we tell others about it.

[Invite volunteer children to describe either their picture of skyscrapers or their picture of a farm building(s). Encourage children to describe the item they chose and how the building is used. Example: “What happens in a skyscraper?” (people live or work there)]

RECAP:

Today we described our pictures of skyscrapers and farm buildings and discussed how the buildings are used. Pop up if you’d like to live in a large community! Pop up if you’d like to live in a small community!

Scaffolding tips

Scaffolding Tips

Extra support

  • Remind children to be good listeners when someone is describing.
  • If children seem nervous or reluctant to describe their item, indicate that it is okay to feel this way.
  • If children do not wish to describe their item, encourage them to hold the item as you help them share by describing it.

Enrichment

  • Invite children to ask questions about a building(s) drawn by another child.
  • Invite children to count the number of windows in their skyscrapers.
Social Studies

Center Activity

Provide animals, cars, people, and small blocks. Encourage children to build a large or small community.

Family Child Care

Family Child Care

If you live in an area with buildings that are two or more stories high, take children for a walk and discuss the shapes you see in them.

Week 18:
Day 5

Moving Our Bodies

Physical / Health

Small Group

Skill and Goal

Motor development
Children will understand how parts of their body contribute to underarm throwing.

Materials
Needed

  • Beanbags or yarn balls—2 or 3 per child
  • Target (see Be Prepared)
  • Rope or string (see Be Prepared)

Key
Concepts

Review:

  • Underarm throw
  • Opposite

Also
Promotes

  • Self-Regulation

Be Prepared: Provide a specific target for children’s underarm throwing attempts in your classroom’s activity space. One target option is to draw a large circle (or two concentric circles) with a red marker on chart paper and affix it to an open wall. A more challenging target option is a large container, such as a bucket. If children are throwing at about the same time (vs. taking turns), provide a sufficient number of targets so children can stand in front of the target (and not throw from an angle). Use a rope, string, or some other means to designate a line for children to stand behind to practice throwing. Provide a throwing distance that best accommodates children’s underarm throwing skills as shown in yesterday’s activity and the challenge of today’s target. The activity is aimed at practice, not competition; it is not necessary to keep track of whether targets are successfully hit. You may wish to arrange for another adult to help you with the activity. To help children control their actions, distribute beanbags after the discussion of how parts of our body contribute to underarm throwing.

BEGIN:

Yesterday we practiced underarm throwing. We know that an underarm throw involves moving our throwing arm backward and then forward. Remember, each of us decides which arm we want to use for throwing. Let’s all raise our throwing arm.

EXPLAIN:

[Demonstrate—or invite a volunteer child to demonstrate—the movements described below.]

We begin an underarm throw by standing tall with both feet flat on the floor and our toes and shoulders facing the direction we want to throw. We look forward and keep our eyes on where we want to throw our item.

[Point to target as you describe it.]

Today we will use underarm movements to throw our beanbags at (name of target).

ASK:

Why do we want to point our toes and shoulders in the direction we want to throw, and look forward and keep our eyes on where we want to throw? (so we can focus on our target)

[Follow-up prompt, if needed: “Would we have a good chance of hitting our target if we faced our body in a different direction or didn’t look at what we want to hit?”]

EXPLAIN:

We move our throwing arm backward and put our opposite leg forward. Remember, opposite means someone or something that is across from us or on a different side. The opposite of an arm or leg on one side of the body is the arm or leg on the other side of the body. We can keep our balance by putting our opposite leg forward when our throwing arm moves backward. Our body might tip a little bit, or we might even fall over, if we didn’t use our opposite leg to help us keep steady while our throwing arm is going backward.

Moving our throwing arm backward and then forward helps us throw our beanbag further away from us. Look at what happens to the beanbag when I do not move my throwing arm backward and then forward.

[Demonstrate “throwing” the beanbag without moving your throwing arm backward and then forward.]

ACT:

Let’s practice our underarm throw by trying to hit (name of target). It is okay if our beanbag does not hit the target. We are practicing. We are not competing.

[Distribute beanbags and describe rules of activity. Provide enough space between children so their movements do not interfere with each other. Provide verbal guidance as appropriate. Provide clear direction for all children to stop throwing beanbags before all children retrieve their beanbags. Provide clear direction for when to resume practice throwing. Continue as time and child interest permit.]

RECAP:

Today we practiced underarm throwing by trying to hit (name of target). How can we keep our balance when our throwing arm moves backward? (move opposite leg forward) Was it easy or hard to hit our (name of target)? Why?

Scaffolding tips

Scaffolding Tips

Extra support

  • When you describe the importance of pointing your body toward the target, stand in a haphazard fashion and turn your head sideways. Ask children to describe how your body is not ready to do an underarm throw at a target. Show how your beanbag might not hit the target using a haphazard body posture.
  • Remind children that when we balance something we keep it steady (Physical/Health Week 7, Day 4).
  • Explain that a target is something we want to reach or do.

Enrichment

  • Provide experiences with two different types of targets (a bucket and a circle on the wall).
  • Encourage children to suggest ways to increase the challenge of hitting a target with an underarm throw.
  • Invite children to try different levels of “speed” by moving their throwing arm slightly faster and slightly slower. What happens to the beanbag?
Physical / Health

Center Activity

Provide indoor or outdoor space for children to continue practicing underarm throwing focused on a target. Encourage children to find ways to make a target more challenging while still doing an underarm throw.

Family Child Care

Family Child Care

Invite school-age children to intentionally make a “mistake” while doing an underarm throw, and encourage preschool-age children to identify the “mistake.”