Week 31:
Day 4

Understanding Letters

Language / Literacy

Large Group

Skill and Goal

Phonological awareness, Letter knowledge
Children will identify the word made by taking away the initial sound (onset) from the remaining sounds (rime). Children also will understand the name and sound of the letter G.

Materials
Needed

  • *Letter G card
  • *4 letter G picture cards
  • Chart from Day 2
  • Children’s letter journals
  • Writing tools—1 per child
  • List of children’s first names for display to children
    *Printables provided

Key
Concepts

Review:

  • Beginning sound

BEGIN:

On Day 2 we played a game with words. We took away the beginning sound of a word to make a completely different word. We know that we call the first sound we hear the beginning sound of a word. Let’s play the game today with different words.

[Be sure to pause briefly between the two parts of each word offered below.]

EXPLAIN:

Listen carefully as I say a word: /g/-oat. I’ll say it again: /g/-oat.

ASK:

What word am I saying? (goat)

EXPLAIN:

Now I will take away the beginning sound of the word “goat” to make a new word. The beginning sound in the word “goat” is /g/. I will take away the /g/ sound from the word “/g/-oat.” Listen to the new word: “oat.” I took away the /g/ sound from the word “goat” to make the new word “oat.”

Let’s try another word. Listen carefully as I say “/b/-ill.”

ASK:

What is the word? (bill)

EXPLAIN:

Now let’s take away the beginning sound of the word “bill” to make a new word. The beginning sound is /b/.

ASK:

What new word do we make when we take away the /b/ sound from the word “/b/-ill”? (ill)

EXPLAIN:

Our new word is “ill.” We took away the /b/ sound from the word “bill” to make the word “ill.” Let’s try some more.

ACT:

[Continue the above procedure for children to make a new word by taking away the beginning sound of a word. Offer as many of the following words as possible, depending on time and child interest. Use a mixture of ending sounds (oat, eat, ill, and, ink) based on children’s responses.]

Rimes oat eat ill and ink
g-oat b-eat f-ill b-and p-ink
b-oat s-eat p-ill h-and r-ink
c-oat h-eat d-ill l-and s-ink
m-eat b-ill s-and w-ink
n-eat h-ill l-ink
EXPLAIN:

Large Letter G CardLet’s learn more about the letter G.

[Display letter G card.

If a child(ren) whose name begins with the letter G was identified on Day 2, invite the child(ren) to again pop up. Say the first name of the child(ren). Emphasize the sound of the letter G when you say the name.]

Maybe someone in our group has the letter g somewhere else in their name. The letter might be in the middle, or at the end, of their name. It will be a lowercase g and it will look like this.

[Point to the lowercase g on the letter card.]

Pop up if you have the letter g somewhere else in your name (not at beginning).

[If a child has the letter g somewhere else in his/her name, point to the name and to the letter g on the list of children’s first names so all children can see the name and the letter g.]

ASK:

What is our word that begins with the letter G? (graph)

ACT:

The letter G says /g/, just like at the beginning of the word “graph.” /g/, /g/, graph. Let’s say that together: /g/, /g/, graph.

I have two pictures of things that begin with the letter G. I wonder what they could be?

[Hold up one picture card and invite children to identify the animal/item in each picture. After children have an opportunity to guess or say the pictured animal/item, point to and say the word written at the bottom of the card. Example: “This word says goat. The letter g is at the beginning of the word.” Repeat this procedure with a second picture card.]

Let’s think of some other words that begin with the letter G and write them on our chart. Remember, the letter G says /g/, /g/.

[Help children by suggesting other words that begin with g. Examples: gallop, game, give, garden.

Invite one or more volunteer children to find the letter g in words on the chart. Children may point to the letter at the top of the chart and then find it in one of the words below.

Demonstrate and describe how to mark the uppercase letter G on your chart paper.]

We use two lines to make an uppercase G. We begin by making a curved line that almost closes and then a short line across.

[Give each child his/her letter journal.]

Now we are going to write the letter G in our letter journal. Please write the uppercase (big) letter G in your journal. Write as much of the letter as you can.

RECAP:

Today we took a sound away from a word to make a completely different word.

We also learned that the letter G says /g/, just like at the beginning of the word “graph.” We made the uppercase (big) letter G in our letter journal. Let’s say together the sound the letter G makes, (/g/).

Scaffolding tips

Scaffolding Tips

Extra support

  • If children need assistance in identifying the new word, segment the word using a long pause between the onset and rime. Example: goat—“I will take away the /g/ sound from the beginning of the word, “/g/… oat, /g/… oat.”
  • Use one or both of the remaining picture cards to help children understand and practice the sound of the target letter.

Enrichment

  • Say a word from the list above. Invite children to say the beginning sound of the word, and then say the word without the beginning sound.
  • If a child indicates his/her name begins with a G that does not have a /g/ sound (examples: George, Gisella), explain that some letters make more than one sound. Example: “Some letters make more than one sound. G is one of those letters. You are right, your name starts with the letter G and it sounds like (initial sound of child’s first name).”
  • Some children may be interested in your demonstrating and describing how to make a lowercase g. Example: “A lowercase g is made with a curved line and then a straight line that curves at the bottom.”

Center Activity

Write the word “it” on a note card. Supply *letter cards b, f, h, l, p, s. Invite children to add a letter card to the beginning of “it” to make a new word. Example: b-it = bit. Adult help may be necessary.
*Printables provided

Family Child Care

Family Child Care

If You Think You Know This Word SongEncourage children to sing the song, “If You Think You Know This Word” to family members at pickup time. Provide children with both parts of a word and see if family members can guess the word. Example: Whisper in a child’s ear, “See if your parent can guess this word as you sing the song: /b/‑oat.” Then ask children to say the new word made when the beginning sound is taken away. (oat)

Week 31:
Day 4

Counting Things

Mathematics

Small Group

Skill and Goal

Number knowledge
Children will add items to a group to make the group larger, and take away items from a group to make the group smaller.

Materials
Needed

  • 10 small manipulatives (see Be Prepared)
  • Cup

Key
Concepts

Review:

  • Count on
  • Take away
  • Zero

Optional
Reading

  • Fish Eyes by Lois Ehlert

Be Prepared: Today’s activity involves 10 small manipulatives (counters, small blocks, etc.) and additions/subtractions of up to four items at a time. Based on your understanding of the counting skills of children in your classroom, you may wish to use a smaller number of items. Example: Begin with two items, add one, add one more, then add two more for a total of six items. Take away two items, then one item, then one more item, and finally take away the remaining two items.

BEGIN:

Ten yummy apples songLet’s say a rhyme called “Ten Yummy Apples.” When we say the rhyme, let’s hold up one of our fingers for each of the apples.

[Say the rhyme first, and then lead children in saying the rhyme together. Prominently display your finger actions.]

EXPLAIN:

Today we will add and take away items from a group. Let’s begin with a group of three items.

ACT:

[Place three items in front of you. Encourage children to count the items as you point to each.]

Now we will add one more item. When we add one more item, we will count on to find how many items we have all together. Remember, when we count on, we start with the largest group of items and then count the number of items in the other group.

[Invite a volunteer child to form a second group by placing one more item near, but not part of, the group of three items. Begin with the group of three items and then count on to the second group to determine how many items there are all together. Example: “Let’s begin with the group of three items. 3, 4.”]

How many items do we have now? (four) We have four items.

[Combine the two groups so the four items are in one group together.]

We started with three items. Then we added a group of one more item. We have four items all together.

Now we will make a group of two items.

[Invite a volunteer child to form a second group by placing two more items near, but not part of, the group of four items. Begin with the group of four items and then count on to the second group to determine how many items there are all together. Example: “Let’s begin with the group of four items. 4, 5, 6.”]

How many items do we have now? (six)

[Combine the two groups so the six items are in one group together.]

We had four items. We added a group of two more items. We have six items all together. Our group of items gets larger each time we add more items.

Now we will make a group of four items.

[Invite a volunteer child to form a second group by placing four more items near, but not part of, the group of six items. Begin with the group of six items and then count on to the second group to determine how many items there are all together. Example: “Let’s begin with the group of six items. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.]

How many items do we have now? (10)

[Combine the two groups so the 10 items are in one group together.]

We have 10 items! Our group of items got larger each time we added more items.

Now let’s take away two of our items.

[Invite a volunteer child to take away two items and place the two items in a cup. Encourage children to count the remaining items together.]

How many items do we have now? (eight) We have eight items!

Did our group of items get smaller or larger when we took away some items? (smaller)

Remember, a group of items gets smaller when we take away items from the group. A group of eight items is smaller than a group of 10 items.

Now let’s take away four more items.

[Invite a volunteer child to take away four items and place the four items in a cup. Encourage children to count the remaining items together.]

How many items do we have now? (four) We have four items left!

Our group of items got smaller when we took away four items from our group. A group of four items is smaller than a group of eight items.

  • What will happen when we take away the four items we have left? (group will have no items)
  • How many items will we have then? (zero)

[Invite a volunteer child to take away four items and place the items in a cup.]

Remember, zero means none. We have zero items left!

RECAP:

Today we used (item name) to practice counting. What happened to our group of (item name) when we added more items? (it got larger) What happened to our group when we took away items? (it got smaller) Our group of items got so small that we had zero items left!

Scaffolding tips

Scaffolding Tips

Extra support

  • Help children take away items by asking the volunteer child to point to, count, and then physically move each item from the group to the cup.

Enrichment

  • Children may be ready to learn that another word for taking away is subtraction.
  • Ask children if they are able to tell how many items we will have when adding or taking away without counting. Then ask children to tell the new amount before adding more items or before taking away items.
Mathematics

Center Activity

Supply counters and a basket. Invite one child in a pair of children to take a small handful of counters from the basket and count each counter. Then ask the other child in the pair to take away counters from the first child’s handful of counters. Ask the pair of children to count together how many counters are left in the first child’s hand.

Family Child Care

Family Child Care

Pair school-age children with younger children to practice adding and taking away. Encourage the older child to help the younger child count each time they add or take away items.

Week 31:
Day 4

Exploring Time

Social Studies

Large Group

Skill and Goal

Concepts of time
Children will understand the concepts of yesterday, today, and tomorrow.

Materials
Needed

  • Chart (see Be Prepared)
  • Pictures of activities done yesterday (see Be Prepared)
  • Pictures of activities done today (see Be Prepared)
  • Index cards
  • Drawing tool

Key
Concepts

New:

  • Yesterday
  • Today
  • Tomorrow

Be Prepared: Prepare a three-section chart (see sample in activity plan). Post pictures of activities done yesterday in the “yesterday” section of the chart. Take pictures of activities done today (prior to this lesson) that will be posted to the “today” section of the chart during today’s activity. If you are unable to take or print pictures, draw 2–3 simple pictures of activities done yesterday on index cards and place them in the “yesterday” section of the chart. Also, rather than posting pictures in the “today” section of the chart, draw simple pictures of things done today on index cards and place them in the “today” section of the chart during today’s activity.

BEGIN:

Three section chart[Display three-section chart.]

I have a chart with pictures (drawings). There are pictures of some things we did yesterday. Yesterday was the day before today.

ASK:

What do you remember about the activities shown in our pictures?

[Help children recall and discuss the pictured activities.]

EXPLAIN:

[Point to the word “yesterday” on the chart.]

This word on our chart says “yesterday.” The pictures of some things we did yesterday are under the word “yesterday.” This part of our chart shows activities we did the day before today.

ASK:

What else did we do yesterday?

EXPLAIN:

[Point to the words “today” and “tomorrow” on the chart as you describe each.]

This word says “today.” Today is this very day. This part of our chart has a place for pictures (drawings) of some activities we did today.

I am going to place in this section of our chart some pictures of activities we did today.

[Place 2–3 pictures or draw pictures of 2–3 activities done today.]

ASK:

Activity DrawingsWhat do you remember about the activities shown in pictures of things we did today?

EXPLAIN:

Our chart also has a place for pictures (drawings) of things we might do tomorrow. Tomorrow is the day after today.

ASK:

What are some things we might do tomorrow?

[Encourage children to discuss things they may do tomorrow. Draw on 2–3 index cards simple drawings of things children think they may do tomorrow. Place the index cards in the “tomorrow” section of the chart.]

EXPLAIN:

Let’s look again at our chart and talk about things we did yesterday and today, and may do tomorrow.

[Discuss each picture (or drawing) in each section of the chart. Remind children that yesterday was the day before today, today is this very day, and tomorrow is the day after today.]

RECAP:

Today we talked about yesterday, today, and tomorrow. We looked at pictures (drawings) of things we did yesterday. We placed pictures (drawings) of things we have done today. We drew pictures of things we may do tomorrow.

Scaffolding tips

Scaffolding Tips

Extra support

  • Children may benefit from a reminder of the meanings of “before” and “after” if they seem unclear about the concepts of yesterday and tomorrow (Self-Regulation Week 1, Day 1).

Enrichment

  • Encourage children to think about things they did at home yesterday and today, and things they may do at home tomorrow.
Social Studies

Center Activity

Provide index cards and drawing tools. Invite children to draw pictures of things they have done today that are not depicted on the chart. Post the drawings in the “today” section of the chart.

Family Child Care

Family Child Care

School-age children may enjoy making a book about yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Encourage children to draw pictures of things done yesterday and today, and things they may do tomorrow. Compile the drawings into a book and place the book in your book center for all children to enjoy.

Week 31:
Day 4

Moving Our Bodies

Physical / Health

Small Group

Skill and Goal

Motor development
Children will understand how to kick a ball from a stationary position.

Materials
Needed

  • Large soft balls (if outside)—1 per child
  • Large foam balls or punch ball balloons (if inside)—1 per child
  • Ribbons (see Extra Support tip)

Key
Concepts

New:

  • Kick

Review:

  • Next to

Also
Promotes

  • Self-Regulation

Be Prepared: This activity takes place outside. If done indoors, use a foam ball or other type of ball that does not travel far. If one ball per child is not available, adapt the activity for children to take turns kicking. The focus of this activity is on connecting a child’s foot with the ball from a stationary position. There is no expectation that children will kick the ball any noticeable distance. Arrange for the help of another adult, if possible.

BEGIN:

[Throw one of the balls gently in the air and catch it.]

  • Who remembers when we practiced throwing?
  • What parts of our body did we use to throw a ball away from us? (hands, arms)
EXPLAIN:

Today we will use our feet to move a ball away from us. We call this kicking a ball.

We kick a ball by using our foot to touch the ball so the ball moves away from us.

ACT:

[Place ball on ground/floor in front of you. Demonstrate actions as you describe each.]

We do four things to kick a ball.

First we look at the ball. We want to make sure we do not miss the ball when we try to kick it.

Next we decide which foot we want to use to kick the ball. We call this our kicking foot. Let’s all point to the foot we would want to use for kicking a ball.

[Pause for children to point to their kicking foot. Follow-up prompt, if needed: “What foot do you want to kick with?”]

Now let’s all point to the foot we are not going to kick with. This foot will stay on the ground/floor when we kick the ball with our other foot.

The third thing we do is put the foot we are not going to kick with next to the ball. Remember, one way to be next to something is to be by its side. We want this foot to be on the ground/floor to support our body when we kick with our other foot.

What do you think is the last thing we do? (kick the ball)

We kick the ball with the inside of our foot. Please watch me point to the inside of my foot.

[Point to the middle part of the inside of your kicking foot.]

Let’s all touch the inside of our foot we will use to kick the ball.

[Encourage children to bend at the waist or partially squat to touch the inside of their kicking foot.]

Please watch me do the four things for kicking a ball.

[Demonstrate and describe the four steps. Kick the ball gently from a stationary position.]

EXPLAIN:

We are going to practice kicking a ball while standing. We will not walk or run to kick the ball. We want to practice having the inside of our kicking foot touch and move the ball away from us. We are not trying to kick the ball as far as we can.

ACT:

Now it is your turn to kick a ball. Are we trying to kick a ball as far as we can? (no) We want to practice moving the ball with the inside of our kicking foot.

[Before distributing balls to children, explain your plan for children to collect balls after they are kicked so no one is hit by a ball. Consider having children take turns in an indoor setting to prevent confusion. Provide verbal guidance to individual children as appropriate. Provide repeated practice experiences as time permits.]

RECAP:

Today we learned how to kick a ball while standing. The first thing we do is look at the ball. What might happen if we do not look at our ball before trying to kick it? (might miss it when we move our foot) What part of our kicking foot do we use to move the ball? (inside part of our foot)

Scaffolding tips

Scaffolding Tips

Extra support

  • If a child has difficulty remembering which foot is their kicking foot, tie a ribbon on the shoe that the child wants to use for kicking. It is fine if children wish to try kicking with their other foot.
  • Children may benefit from a review (including a demonstration) of the meanings of “inside” and “away.”

Enrichment

  • Invite children to kick the ball with their other foot.
  • Ask what sports games involve kicking a ball. (football, soccer, rugby)
Physical / Health

Center Activity

Provide continued practice with kicking in the outside area. Designate a place for children to practice kicking. Use cones to help children know the space boundaries.

Family Child Care

Family Child Care

If toddlers want to participate, encourage them to roll the balls instead of kicking.